EIOH Research: Zinc Solution Reduces Tooth Staining in SDF Treatment
In a promising breakthrough published in BMC Oral Health, EIOH researchers have found that adding a Zinc solution to teeth before Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) treatment significantly reduces tooth discoloration.
SDF has long been recognized as an effective treatment for halting cavity progression, often used to treat young children who are at high risk for early childhood caries (ECC). A form of severe tooth decay in children under the age of six, ECC is a major public health issue that affects nearly half of preschool-aged children worldwide.
“Despite its effectiveness, SDF application often results in black discoloration on treated teeth,” explained Abdullah Almulhim, DDS, PhD, a recent PhD graduate at the University of Rochester and co-author of the paper. “This often deters families from choosing this treatment, especially on the teeth in more visible areas.”
To test the new process, the researchers first cut extracted adult teeth into slices, exposing the inner portion of the teeth that is normally protected by enamel before cavities eat through that outer layer. The scientists applied Zinc solutions onto these tooth slices, followed by the SDF. They found that higher concentrations of Zinc were most effective in preventing the characteristic black staining. Importantly, the Zinc solution did not compromise the hardness or roughness of the tooth or damage surrounding oral tissues.
“We are encouraged, but further studies are needed to confirm the long-term effectiveness and durability of this improved treatment method,” added Jin Xiao, DDS, PhD, EIOH professor and co-author of the paper.
Researchers are optimistic, since zinc is known to have similar properties to SDF, in fighting cavity-causing bacteria and in strengthening tooth surfaces. By reducing the aesthetic drawbacks of SDF, this has the potential to expand the reach of effective cavity prevention in underserved communities worldwide and those who have limited access to timely dental care.
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